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2024-06-29 Caucasus/Russia/Central Asia
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Journalists analyze factors of radicalization of participants of attack in Dagestan
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Direct Translation via Google Translate. Edited.
[KavkazUzel] The Sergokalinsky district is considered secular in Dagestan, however, relatives of the former head of the region Magomed Omarov were participants in a militant attack in Derbent and Makhachkala, Dagestan journalists emphasized. This is not the first case of radicalization of members of the local elite in Dagestan, although status and place of birth are not key factors in joining militants, they say.
As reported by the "Caucasian Knot", on June 23, on Trinity Day, which is one of the main Christian holidays, militants attacked synagogues and an Orthodox church in Derbent and Makhachkala. As a result of the attacks, 21 people were killed and 46 were injured. On June 26, doctors described the condition of six of those injured in the militant attack as serious. Sources reported that the 22nd victim of the militant attack died - a random passerby who happened to be at the synagogue in Derbent.
Continued from Page 2
On June 23, the American Institute for the Study of War stated that the cell "Vilayat Kavkaz" - a division of the "Islamic State" - was behind the attacks.
The participants in the attacks on religious sites and on security forces in Makhachkala and Derbent turned out to be close relatives of the head of the Sergokalinsky district of Dagestan, Magomed Omarov. The militants included a politician and an MMA fighter. The "Caucasian Knot" has collected basic information about the participants in the attacks in the reference material "The main thing about the participants in the attacks in Makhachkala and Derbent."
Journalist Milrad Fatullaev reported that Magomed Omarov was a member of United Russia and was elected twice to the position of head of the Sergokalinsky district.
“No one opposed this election. There was no conflict over this. This means that he enjoyed support in the leadership of Dagestan. In addition, Omarov was supported by an influential State Duma deputy (albeit not a very public person) Murad Gadzhiev. Omarov’s youngest son Osman worked at a factory owned by Gadzhiev,” he said.
As for the MMA fighter Gadzhimurad Kagirov, he did not achieve any special results. “Many people trained in the gyms opened by Khabib. Nurmagomedov’s club has a commercial component. The club has a core of its students. And there are those who want to learn from experience. Anyone who pays for the services can undergo an internship, use their platforms to improve skills and gaining new experience, Kagirov thus trained there for about two months,” Fatullayev explained.
Ali Zakarigaev, who headed the district branch of the party "A Just Russia - For Truth" until 2021, was also not heard of as a politician or official until recent events. "In principle, no party except United Russia shows almost no political activity in Dagestan. With the exception, perhaps, of the opening remarks of the faction leaders at a meeting of the People's Assembly of the Republic. Therefore, the functionaries of these parties are inconspicuous figures," Fatullaev emphasized.
The developer Dalgat Daudov also did not become famous in Dagestan, neither in a good nor in a bad sense. “There were no scandals with him. He didn’t build anything outstanding,” Fatullayev noted.
He doubts that Omarov really broke off relations with his murdered youngest son. "If there had been expulsion from the family, deprivation of his financial resources and influential connections of Magomed Omarov, then the son and nephews would simply not have had those opportunities in business and politics. Moreover, in Dagestan, guardianship of sons by the family takes place for a very long time. If the father had made the decision to deprive him of support, then this would have become known one way or another. Although, perhaps, he did not accept his son's views," Fatullaev said.
The former head of the Sergokalinsky district of Dagestan, Magomed Omarov, admitted to law enforcement officers during interrogation that he knew about his sons' commitment to radical ideas. According to the republican official, some of his eight children had been Wahhabis for several years. His nephew was also inclined toward radicalism. Their relatives did not support them, Omarov notes. He claims that he did not communicate with his sons and denies his affiliation with Wahhabism, Baza reported on June 24.
He believes that the status and age of the attackers is not a new phenomenon. “We had such precedents. For example, the son of the head of the Internal Affairs Directorate in Derbent was a participant in an illegal armed group. There were also many cases of sons of heads of administrations joining militants,” Fatullayev pointed out.
He recalled that the arrival of Abdulatipov and the “ cleansing ” of Dagestan before the Olympics in Sochi was largely explained by the fact that it was necessary to “cleanse” the local administrations.
“Because there were many radically minded young people around them. The local authorities did not cultivate them. But they tried to use them. Because the local authorities often opposed each other, with the republican leadership. Sometimes they turned to the militants, the “forest” for cash in confrontation with competitors. The mayor of Makhachkala, Said Amirov, and the heads of local administrations had such examples,” Fatullayev also noted.
But in the situation with the Omarov clan, it is difficult to see any conflicts with the republican or local authorities, Fatullaev believes.
"But I heard that there were contradictions of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Dagestan when trying to reduce its influence in the region. They built a mosque there. They wanted to have their own imam in it. And there was a conflict at this level. Osman Omarov really did travel outside the Russian Federation. To Dubai, to Turkey. It is believed that he adheres to the views of the takfirists," Fatullaev said.
Takfir is an accusation of unbelief (kufr) in Islam. The issue of external signs of a person's transition from faith (iman) to unbelief (kufr) is a subject of dispute between various Muslim movements, and often these opinions completely contradict each other. "Thoughtlessness in takfir (declaring someone's unbelief) is a great evil and a huge danger," says the declaration on jihad, takfir and the caliphate adopted at the Moscow Theological Conference in 2021.
The social status and age of the attackers were not a reason for radicalization or participation in a terrorist attack, but he did not rule it out, emphasized Idris Yusupov, a journalist for the Novoye Delo publication (Yusupov Idris Gasan-Guseynovich has been recognized as a foreign agent, but he is disputing this status).
No one is immune from radicalization. Because it has ideological and psychological causes.
"We know from the modern history of Dagestan that both people from well-off families and from low-income families joined the militants. There were children of officials and security officials. And even former security officials themselves. No one is immune from radicalization. Because it has ideological and psychological causes. Plus the situation in society, in the family, studying some radical sermons. This is not a question of age and social status," Yusupov said.
The same criterion, in his opinion, can be applied to the place of birth, origin or residence of the militants. "If we take any region of Dagestan or any nationality, we will find both good people and criminals. Moreover, it is likely that the attackers were not directly connected, did not live in the Sergokalinsky region," Yusupov noted.
Of course, according to him, each district has some distinctive features. "There are differences in mentality even among representatives of the same nationality. The Sergokalinsky district is mainly Dargin. But it was considered a more secular, less religious district. People there are more inclined to business, science. But there were those who also went to the militants. And there were security officials, for example, Magomed Nurbagandov ("Work, brothers"), who became famous after his death. Our colleague Abdulmumin Gadzhiev is a native of the Sergokalinsky district. He was engaged in religious education and spoke out against ISIS ("Islamic State" is banned in Russia). So people from there are different people," Yusupov said.
On June 27, a note was published on the Instagram page run by relatives of convicted Chernovik journalist Abdulmumin Gadzhiev, which he transmitted from the pretrial detention center. "The Sergokalinsky district is my home. It is radically secular in itself. The religious youth there face very specific challenges. Osman approached me about eight years ago. I don't remember our conversation in detail, but he was definitely not the man we saw with a rifle in his hands, cold-bloodedly shooting people like in the GTA game. I was left with the impression that there was some confusion in his head. We didn't finish the conversation then, but we never met again. He was neither unemployed nor illiterate, and he wasn't going crazy out of fat either. He had completely different problems. The measures that are now being proposed to combat terrorism do not solve these problems and will have no preventive effect," Gadzhiev's words are quoted in the publication.
Yusupov found it difficult to say whether the militants' connections with influential relatives were important in organizing the attack. "Let the operational services find out to what extent their connections helped or did not hinder the organization of the attack. At a minimum, they needed to obtain weapons. And the weapons were officially registered. But at the same time, I do not think that my father, as the head of the district, or any of the other relatives assisted them in this matter," Yusupov noted.
He emphasized that only one son and one nephew of Magomed Omarov, and one more of his relatives, took part in the militant attack.
Deputy editor-in-chief of the publication "Chernovik" Magomed Magomedov stated that the attackers can be considered representatives of the local elite. "It is difficult to get into the specified spheres and positions without good financial status and connections," he noted.
He believes that it cannot be said that their influence in the Sergokalinsky region and the ability to organize such a large-scale attack is connected with the status of Magomed Omarov.
“The attack is connected exclusively with the personalities of the terrorists, and not their father. Of course, the father’s status gave them some immunity within the borders of the region, but... even for an ordinary officer from the criminal investigation department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for Dagestan, not to mention the Center for Combating Extremism or the FSB, their status did not decide anything,” Magomedov explained.
He also considers it possible that Magomed Omarov did not maintain a relationship with his son.
“In Russia, and all over the world, there are many families in which intra-family conflicts lead to the fact that parents and children do not communicate. There are many reasons, it is possible that the same situation could arise here: the father could not like the views of his son, the son did not like his father’s claims. On this basis, they could not communicate with each other. And subsequently, the son, as can be seen, became radicalized,” Magomedov said.
Political scientist Irina Starodubrovskaya noted that she had not closely studied the Sergokalinsky district. "I have not been to Sergokala, I know nothing about the situation there (I was going to go, but it did not work out). As for the militants, I remember that there were similar cases of leaving for the Islamic State," she commented briefly.
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Posted by badanov 2024-06-29 00:00||
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