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2023-06-15 Africa Horn
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No respite for Sudan civilians two months into brutal war
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[AlAhram] Army warplanes bombed the Sudanese city of El Obeid Wednesday, as the country prepared to mark two months since a power struggle between rival generals plunged the country into devastating conflict.
Since April 15, the regular army headed by Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces commanded by his former deputy Mohammed Hamdan Daglo have been locked in urban combat that has left whole neighbourhoods of the capital Khartoum unrecognisable. The fighting quickly spread to the provinces, particularly the flashpoint western region of Darfur, and has now killed at least 1,800 people, according to the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED).
On Wednesday, the regular army carried out "air strikes for the first time in El Obeid," the capital of North Kordofan state, 350 kilometres (220 miles) south of the capital, which has been "surrounded by the RSF since the war began," witnesses told AFP.
Today I announced the appointment of James P. Rubin as @StateDept Special Envoy and Coordinator of the Global Engagement Center
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Nationwide, some 2.2 million people have fled their homes, more than one million of them escaping Khartoum, according to the International Organisation for Migration. Of those, more than 528,000 have sought refuge in neighbouring countries, according to the UN agency.
Those that remain have run out of "food, water and medicine," Khartoum resident Ahmed Taha told AFP.
"We have nothing left. The entire country has been completely devastated. Everywhere you look, you'll see where bombs have fallen and bullets have struck. Every inch of Sudan is a disaster area."
US and Saudi mediation efforts are at a standstill after the collapse of multiple ceasefires in the face of flagrant violations by both sides.
"We think we've given them every shot," a senior US State Department official said on Tuesday.
Aid agencies have pleaded for the opening of humanitarian corridors to allow assistance in and fleeing civilians out but to no avail.
Entire districts of Khartoum no longer have running water, mains electricity is only available for a few hours a week and most hospitals in combat zones are not functioning.
A record 25 million people -- more than half the population -- are in need of aid, according to the UN.
"We have been suffering and suffering and suffering the scourge of this war for two months," said Khartoum resident Soha Abdulrahman.
'Crimes against humanity'
The conflict's other main battleground Darfur -- home to around a quarter of Sudan's population -- was already scarred by a two-decade war that left hundreds of thousands dead and more than two million displaced.
Amid what activists have called a total communications "blackout" in large parts of the region, hundreds of civilians have been killed in the current fighting.
Homes and markets have been burnt to the ground, hospitals and aid facilities looted and more than 149,000 sent fleeing into neighbouring Chad.
The head of the UN mission in Sudan, Volker Perthes, said Tuesday there was "an emerging pattern of large-scale assassinations against civilians based on their ethnic identities, allegedly committed by Arab militias and some gunnies" in RSF uniform.
If these reports are verified they "could amount to crimes against humanity", he said.
Daglo's RSF have their origins in the Janjaweed militias which ousted strongman Omar al-Bashir
 ...Former President-for-Life of Sudan He came to power in 1989 when he, as a brigadier in the Sudanese army, led a group of officers in a bloodless military coup that ousted the government of Prime Minister Sadiq al-Mahdi and eventually appointed himself head cheese. He fell out with his Islamic mentor, Hasan al-Turabi, tried to impose shariah on the Christian and animist south, resulting in its secessesion, and attempted to Arabize Darfur by unleashing the barbaric Janjaweed on it. Sudan's potential prosperity has been pissed away in warfare that has left as many as 400,000 people dead and 2.5 million displaced. Hee was overthrown by popular consent in 2019. Omar has been indicted for genocide by the International Criminal Court but nothing is expected to come of it...
unleashed on ethnic minorities in the region in 2003, drawing charges of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.
The paramilitaries remain highly mobile and adept at the sort of urban combat that has gripped Khartoum and Darfur's cities but the regular army has so far enjoyed a virtual monopoly of the skies.
However,
Caliphornia hasn't yet slid into the ocean, no matter how hard it's tried...
an army official said Wednesday that the RSF had begun using "drones", which an RSF source said they had obtained "from commandeered army centres".
Both sources spoke to AFP on condition of anonymity because they are not authorised to speak to the media.
According to a military analyst from the region who requested anonymity for his safety, the RSF "might have obtained them from the Yarmouk" weapons manufacturing and arms depot complex, which they overran just days after the collapse of US and Saudi-brokered ceasefire talks.
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