US Ambassador Samantha Power said the military commanders were involved in "killing and injuring civilians" with assaults on schools, hospitals and homes since the outbreak of the war in 2011.
"The United States will not let those who have commanded units involved in these actions hide anonymously behind the facade of the Assad regime," Power told the Security Council.
Among those named were five major generals -- Adib Salameh, Jawdat Salbi Mawas, Tahir Hamid Khalil, Jamil Hassan and Rafiq Shihadeh -- along with five brigadier generals and two colonels.
The council met as Syrian and Russian warplanes pounded rebel-held parts of northern Syria including Aleppo, where food rations were running out in the besieged eastern part of the city.
"Those behind such attacks must know that we in the international community are watching their actions, documenting their abuses and one day they will be held accountable," said Power.
"These individuals feel impunity," she said, warning that so did former Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic and Liberian warlord
Charles ChuckTaylor
The former President-for-Life of Liberia, of whom the best that could be said was that he wasn't quite as horrible as Prince Johnson, at least not usually.
who faced trial for war crimes.
"Today’s atrocities are well-documented and the civilized world’s memories are long," she said.
UN aid chief Stephen O’Brien told the council that nearly one million people were living under siege in Syria, revising figures from six months ago that showed nearly half a million Syrians were cut off.