2015-11-15 Europe
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Who Conducted the Paris Attacks
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Assessment of the Paris attacks by Clint Watts of the FPRI blog, including an assessment matrix:
I generally look for four different potential perpetrators and scenarios:
An Al Qaeda Central (AQC) or al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) directed plot from Yemen or potentially Pakistan (AQAP is AQC at this point);
An ISIS directed plot from Syria and Iraq;
An al Qaeda inspired plot by supporters in the West; or
An ISIS inspired plot by supporters in the West, of which there have been several in recent months.
There could always be a fifth scenario, a completely unaffiliated different ideological movement that wants to conduct an attack (I call this the Andres Brevik scenario), but I think its not sufficiently likely to warrant analytical effort at this point. ISIS is the likely candidate right now, even based on the limited information that we have as seen in my chart.
Here are some things I'm looking for right now:
Planning - This appears to be one of the more well planned attacks. Were there reports of reconnaisance before these attacks?
Targets Not Symbolic - The restaurant and the theater attacked don't appear to be particularly symbolic. Al Qaeda directed plots tend to go for spectacular targets, these are not. So I lean ISIS and I wonder, did any of these perpetrators work at these locations or frequent these spots? Is that how they got the idea to hit these locations?
A Suicide Bombing? And Several Armed Assaults? - This would be a significant advancement. We would be talking about explosives in the country, assault weapons, lots of planning. The French have a serious problem on their hands.
Weapons Training - Early reports suggest these shooters were calm and calculating. That would suggest weapons training and preparation, leading one to look for former foreign fighters from Syria or other theaters.
Communications - Al Qaeda did tight control of targeting of attacks with affiliates. I don't believe this is the case with ISIS. In the case of the ISIS Sinai affiliate, I don't have any evidence that ISIS Central in Iraq and Syria directed the airline bombing. Instead, I get the feeling the situation is the reverse, an affiliate or some global supporters and former foreign fighters execute an attack and then communicate back to central command (Baghdadi and top aides) what happened. Will we see that in this case, post attack reports of chatter back to Iraq and Syria?
Media Reporting Is Making ISIS Into ONE BIG THING! - I've been really frustrated the past few weeks as news reporting continues to push the theory, without evidence, that ISIS in Iraq and Syria, all affiliates that have pledged to ISIS and all global fanboys of ISIS act in unison under a central command. This was more the case with al Qaeda, but we don't know this to be true of ISIS. Thus, the public is becoming crazed with fears of an all powerful ISIS which is both untrue and unhelpful.
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